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HOPE: Health Optimisation Protocol for Energy-efficient Buildings
Pre-normative and socio-economic research to create healthy and energy efficient buildings

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SBi (Danish Building Research Institute)

Expertise and experience

SBi is the Danish national building research institute, a government research institute under the Ministry of Economic and Business Affairs. SBi develops research-based knowledge to improve buildings and the built environment. SBi identifies subjects that are important for professionals and decisions-makers engaged in building and the built environment. And subsequently we communicate our knowledge to these groups. SBi has a staff of 100 and an annual turnover of approximately DKK 62 million.
The Department of Health and Comfort focuses on healthy buildings and the interaction between the many factors in the indoor environment. Research on health and comfort develops user-oriented knowledge of how the design, furnishing, operation and maintenance of buildings affect occupants' health and comfort. Methods for comprehensive assessment of the indoor environment are developed, including the individual impact and the interaction between several impacts. The aim is to establish a basis for the classification of the indoor environment in buildings.
Recently SBi has been involved in the following EU projects:
  • HOPE Health Optimisation Protocol for Energy-efficient Buildings
  • ECCO-BUILD Energy and Comfort Control for Building management systems
  • MATHIS Materials for Healthy Indoor Spaces and more Energy Efficient Buildings
  • EDBIAPS European Database on Indoor Air Pollution Sources in Buildings
  • AUDIT European Audit Project to Optimize Indoor Air Quality and Energy Consumption in Office Buildings
  • NatVent Overcoming Technical Barriers to Low-Energy Natural Ventilation in Office-Type Buildings in Moderate and Cold Climates
  • BriteEuRam Development of a Framework for Environmental Assessment of Building Materials and Components
  • Combine Computer Models for the Building Industry in Europe
  • TOBUS A Decision making Tool for selecting Office Building Upgrading Solutions
  • Daylight Daylighting Design of European buildings
  • Investimmo A decision-making tool for long term efficient investment strategies in housing maintenance and refurbishment
  • SUREURO Sustainable Refurbishment in Europe
  • CRISP Construction & city related sustainability indicators


Key persons


Dr Henrik N. Knudsen, senior researcher at SBi since 1995, has specialised in research on indoor climate. Knudsen finished his Ph.D. study at the International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Technical University of Denmark in 1994. The subject was "Modelling of indoor air quality" and he was under supervision of Professor P.O. Fanger. He has been involved in several research projects with focus on modelling of indoor air quality and improving building materials especially with respect to odorous emissions. It includes characterisation of emissions from building materials in sensory terms by applying sensory panels assessing perceived air quality, studies of the impact on emissions of exposing building materials to ozone, investigations of emissions from building materials containing linseed oil and adsorption and desorption of volatile organic compounds on material surfaces. He has been involved in preparing test protocols for emission testing of building materials. The impact of ventilation rates on the perceived air quality was studied in offices with different levels of ozone in the air, the effect of mould odour remediation in flats was documented by measurements of perceived air quality and air change rates. Questionnaire surveys in combination with collecting building characteristics by means of checklists were used to study the indoor environment in office buildings and residential buildings. Previously, the transient subjective impact on people's thermal comfort of changing temperature and relative humidity was studied. He is a member of: the management team of Danish Indoor Environment Society under the Danish Society of Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Engineers (DANVAK); the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ); CIB Working Group W 77 - Indoor Climate and Society for Work Environment and Working Conditions (SAM).

Dr Alireza Afshari, has been working in the area of indoor air quality since 1993, at Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Building Services Engineering. Having come to the conclusion of his research, he received a Diploma of Doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.) from Chalmers University of Technology. Since 1999, he has been working at the Danish Building Research Institute where his research is focused on emission from building materials, particles in the indoor air and demand-controlled ventilating system.